Scouting yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg cog qoob loo kom tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob.
Kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag thiab kab mob kis tau yuav txuag sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag. Txawm hais tias cov neeg cog qoob loo zoo tshaj plaws siv txhua lub sijhawm uas lawv muaj hauv tsev cog khoom los kuaj xyuas yam tsis raug cai thiab coj "mem tes" ntawm lub tsev cog khoom ib puag ncig thiab cov qoob loo, txoj hauv kev zoo dua thiab tsom mus rau kev tshawb nrhiav yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kab lus no yuav tsom mus rau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus rau txhua qhov kev kawm tiav tsev cog khoom scouting.
Scouting yuav tsum pib sai li sai tau hauv lub voj voog loj hlob. Rau cov neeg nqa cov khoom siv cog xws li cov noob txiv ntoo thiab cov hauv paus txiav, cov khoom siv cog yuav tsum raug tshuaj xyuas tam sim ntawd thaum tau txais; tsis muaj cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum nkag mus rau hauv tsev cog khoom yam tsis muaj daim tshev no. Ib cheeb tsam me me, cais tawm ntawm thaj chaw tsim khoom loj, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los khaws cov khoom cog uas zoo li muaj lus nug lossis cuam tshuam.
Hauv thaj chaw tsim khoom loj, kev tshawb nrhiav zoo yuav tsum tshwm sim thoob plaws hauv cheeb tsam, thiab tsis tu ncua. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee cov tswv yim los ua kom kev tshawb fawb zoo thiab tswj tau. Ua ntej, thaj chaw loj hlob yuav tsum tau muab faib ua cov subunits me. Kev faib lub tsev cog khoom rau hauv subunits sib haum rau cov qoob loo sib txawv feem ntau yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo.
Nroj tsuag nrhiav 101
Nyob rau hauv txhua lub subunit, ib tug neeg cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam. Ob qho tib si random thiab tsom mus rau kev xaiv cov nroj tsuag rau sampling yog qhov tseem ceeb. Txoj kev tsom mus rau yuav tsum tau coj mus rau thaj chaw muaj teeb meem lossis qhov chaw kub, cov chaw uas muaj kab tsuag thiab / lossis kab mob sib kis. Los ntawm lub hom phiaj tsom mus rau thaj chaw muaj teeb meem paub zoo, koj yuav raug muab tso rau kom ntes txhua yam ntxov. Rau qhov seem ntawm qhov piv txwv, xaiv cov nroj tsuag los ntawm thoob plaws txhua lub subunit.
Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag thiab kab mob. Yog li, koj yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav ntau npaum li cas? Zoo, ntau zaus, qhov zoo dua.
Thaum cov nroj tsuag tau raug xaiv los tshuaj xyuas, siv txoj hauv kev tua mus rau hauv paus. Ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov nplooj, nrog rau ob qho tib si nplooj nplooj thiab hauv qab. Saib ntawm nplooj axils, vim qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov chaw rau kab tsuag. Nplooj los ntawm ntau lub hnub nyoog, los ntawm qub mus rau tshiab, yuav tsum tau xaiv. Thaum tua tau raug tshuaj xyuas, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm ntawm cov ntim kom saib xyuas cov hauv paus hniav. Cov xim ntawm cov hauv paus hniav tshiab thiab qub yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los ntsuas cov txheeb ze hauv paus kev noj qab haus huv, thaum cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb xws li tsaus nti- lossis cov xim tsis muaj xim thiab sluffing ntawm cov cag qub tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim.
Thaum tshawb nrhiav cov nroj tsuag thiab sim txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob abiotic thiab cov teeb meem biotic, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias "zoo li cas" zoo li rau cov nroj tsuag raug scouted. Dab tsi yuav tshwm sim zoo li cov tsos mob ntawm qee qhov teeb meem yuav yog qhov tshwm sim tiag tiag ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Piv txwv li, xav txog cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov nplooj ntoo, los yog xav txog cov xim kaleidoscope thiab lawv cov qauv ntawm coleus. Nws yeej tsis nyuaj rau lub qhov muag uas tsis tau kawm los txhais cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj uas yog tus kab mob kis- lossis ua rau lwm tus! Tej zaum velamin, dawb txheej txheej ntawm phalaenopsis orchid cov hauv paus hniav, puas tuaj yeem yuam kev rau tus kab mob fungal?
Cov cuab yeej tshawb nrhiav
Ntxiv nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov nroj tsuag, cov ntawv nplaum nplaum yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom pom cov kab ya tau zoo dua. Muaj ob peb lub tswv yim uas yuav pab ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm daim npav nplaum. Ua ntej, xyuas kom tseeb tias koj siv daim npav nplaum txaus rau cov hom phiaj kab. Rau feem ntau cov kab tsuag, tso 4 mus rau 5 phaib ib acre ntawm thaj chaw loj hlob yog txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias whiteflies yog ib qho teeb meem tshwj xeeb, txog li 1 daim ntawv nplaum rau 1,000 square feet ntawm kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau siv. Cov ntawv nplaum nplaum muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si daj thiab xiav. Thaum daj yog qhov kev xaiv xim tag nrho rau lub hom phiaj dav dav, daim npav xiav yog qhov zoo dua rau kev nyiam cov thrips.
Muaj ob peb yam cuab yeej ntxiv los ua kom koj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav zoo dua thiab ua tau zoo. Ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau txhua tus neeg saib xyuas yog lub lens tes lossis loupe. Kev siv cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau tus neeg cog qoob loo los saib ze rau ntawm cov tsos mob, cov cim qhia thiab / lossis kab tsuag ntawm qhov chaw. Ib daim ntawv teev lus tseem ceeb tsis yog rau kev sau ntawv thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis rau kev tuav cov ntawv dawb kom coj mus rhaub cov nroj tsuag rau kev saib xyuas kab tsuag xws li thrips.
Siv cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim siv los tuav cov ntawv nplaum nplaum, hnab yas rau cov qauv, hnab looj tes yas los tuav cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav kis tau, thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Rov qab rau hauv lub taub hau lossis lwm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, lub tshuab kuaj kab mob yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txheeb xyuas cov kab uas nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas, nrog rau saib xyuas cov kab mob streaming lossis cov kab mob fungal. Khaws qee qhov enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay lossis ELISA cov khoom siv ntawm tes tuaj yeem pab tau los kuaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag thiab kab mob. Yog li, koj yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav ntau npaum li cas? Zoo, ntau zaus, qhov zoo dua. Txiav txim siab seb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav qhov twg yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tom qab ntawd tswj hwm nws nrog kev cuam tshuam ntxov ntxov tuaj yeem txo qis qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kab tsuag thiab kab mob, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav muab sijhawm rau koj. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev noj cov ntaub ntawv koj kawm los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo thiab siv kev mob siab rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav pib ua ke cov ncauj lus loj dua ntawm kab tsuag thiab kab mob nyob rau lub sijhawm.