Nyob rau hauv Russia, zus tau tej cov zaub ntsuab nyob rau hauv cuaj lub hlis nce los ntawm 6.8%
Kev lag luam tsev cog khoom hauv tebchaws Russia tau nce zuj zus txij li xyoo 2014, thaum nws tau pom tseeb tias lub tebchaws yuav tsum tau nyob hauv kev rau txim loj. Lub ntsiab lus pib yog qhov tau txais kev hloov pauv cov tswv yim rau ntau yam khoom, tsim los rau tsib xyoos kev npaj rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb. Cov zaub loj hlob ntawm cov av kaw tsis muaj qhov zam. Tshaj li yim xyoo dhau los, niaj hnub tsev cog khoom tau tshwm sim hauv lub tebchaws, thiab cov txee tau ntim nrog cov khoom zoo thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg cucumbers thiab txiv lws suav ntawm domestic ntau lawm.
Qhov kev txhawb siab pib rau txoj kev loj hlob sai heev ntawm kev lag luam tsev cog khoom yog lub xeev loj kev txhawb nqa ntawm Lavxias teb sab producers ntawm cov zaub hauv tsev. Tsev cog khoom complexes tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog concentrated nyob rau hauv central cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv Siberia thiab nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm lub teb chaws. Qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv tsev cog zaub los ntawm cheeb tsam belongs rau lub tuam txhab St. Petersburg "Rost", tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm nws tsev cog khoom complexs tag nrho 445 hectares. Lub peev tsev cog khoom lag luam "ECO-Culture" occupies yuav luag 305 hectares, kaw peb sab saum toj ntawm JSC "Agrokombinat "Yuzhny" nrog tsev cog khoom complex nrog thaj tsam ntawm yuav luag 145 hectares. Niaj hnub no, cov zaub hauv tsev cog qoob loo ntawm cov av kaw txuas ntxiv txhim kho nquag, txhua xyoo qhia kev loj hlob zoo, thiab kev tsim vaj tsev cog khoom yuav luag yog qhov kev coj ua nrov tshaj plaws rau kev pib ua haujlwm.
Kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua. Kev tsim ntim ntawm cov zaub tiv thaiv hauv av hauv tebchaws Russia tau loj hlob tsis tu ncua. Raws li Ministry of Agriculture ntawm Russia, 1.25 lab tons twb tau cog qoob loo hauv tsev cog khoom los ntawm nruab nrab Lub Kaum Hli 2022. Qhov no yog 6.8% ntau dua li tib lub sijhawm xyoo tas los. Tsev cog khoom cucumbers twb tau sau 725.4 txhiab tons (kev loj hlob - 7.7%), txiv lws suav - 502.9 txhiab tons (kev loj hlob - 7.4%). Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb ntawm cov zaub cog qoob loo yog Lipetsk, Moscow, Volgograd, Kaluga, Belgorod Thaj Chaw, Krasnodar thiab Stavropol Territories, koom pheej ntawm Karachay-Cherkessia, Tatarstan thiab Bashkortostan.
Lawv tau los ua cov thawj coj. Niaj hnub no, Lipetsk cheeb tsam yog thawj coj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tsev cog khoom qoob loo. Txog thaum nruab nrab Lub Kaum Hli, ntau tshaj 123 txhiab tons ntawm tsev cog khoom zaub thiab qoob loo ntsuab tau sau hauv thaj av. Kev loj hlob yog tshaj 17%.
"Tam sim no sau qoob ntawm cucumbers nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam twb muaj txog 61.6 txhiab tons, 59.9 txhiab tons tau sau xyoo tas los," tus thawj coj ntawm cheeb tsam Lipetsk Igor Artamonov qhia. - Txiv lws suav tau sau txog 60.6 txhiab tons, uas yog ib feem peb ntau dua xyoo tas los (44.4 txhiab tons). Tsis tas li ntawd, 3.8 lab daim ntawm lettuce (650 tons) tau sau, uas nyuam qhuav pib loj hlob hauv cheeb tsam. "
Nyob rau hauv ob qhov chaw yog lub tsev xog paj nyob ze Moscow. Raws li lub regional Ministry of Agriculture, 66 txhiab tons ntawm zaub tau sau nyob rau hauv Moscow cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj - Lub rau hli ntuj 2022 - qhov no yog 10% ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv 2021 nyob rau tib hnub. Thaum kawg ntawm 2022, nws tau npaj kom sau 122 txhiab tons zaub.
Raws li kev tshaj tawm xov xwm ntawm lub taub hau thiab tsoom fwv ntawm Karachay-Cherkessia, nyob rau hauv 2022 nws yog npaj yuav ua kom cov qoob loo ntawm cov zaub ntawm tiv thaiv av los ntawm ib lub hlis twg - qhov no yog yuav luag 50 txhiab tons ntawm zaub. Hauv kev sib piv nrog 2021, kev loj hlob yuav yog 26%.
Tshaj li tsib xyoos dhau los, kev tsim cov zaub tiv thaiv hauv av hauv cheeb tsam Kaluga tau nce plaub npaug. Xyoo tas los, 67.6 txhiab tons ntawm zaub tau sau tseg ntawm no, xyoo no nws tau npaj yuav nce lawv cov khoom rau 72 txhiab tons. Stavropol cheeb tsam tau txais ntau dua 80 txhiab tons ntawm zaub (9% ntau dua li xyoo dhau los): ntau dua 17 txhiab tons ntawm cucumbers, 64 txhiab tons txiv lws suav thiab 284 tons ntawm lwm cov zaub, suav nrog cov qoob loo ntsuab.
Krasnodar Krai kuj yog ib qho ntawm kaum cheeb tsam sab saum toj ntawm Russia hauv kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov zaub hauv av kaw. "Txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo, peb cov neeg ua liaj ua teb twb tau loj hlob 53 txhiab tons ntawm cov khoom, uas yog 4.5% ntau tshaj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm xyoo tas los," hais tias tus tswv xeev ntawm Krasnodar Territory Veniamin Kondratiev. - Kuban tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom loj ntawm tsev cog khoom zaub hauv Russia. Niaj hnub no, 11 lub tsev cog khoom loj nrog thaj tsam ntawm 240 hectares tab tom ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam. "
Cov lus qhuab qhia ua tiav 90%. Xyoo 2022, Russia tuaj yeem ua tiav cov ntsuas ntawm Food Security Doctrine rau zaub thiab melons.
Dmitry Patrushev, Minister of Agriculture ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, tau tshaj tawm txog kev ua raws li cov lus qhia txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov ntawm tsoomfwv teev nyob rau hauv Federation Council. "Kwv yees li 5 lab tons ntawm cov zaub qhib hauv av xav tau, thiab kwv yees li 1.6 lab tons yuav raug tsim tawm hauv tsev cog khoom. Cov khoom lag luam zoo li no yuav ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau hauv tsev thiab tsim cov khoom xa tawm, "tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab tau hais.
Oksana Lut, Thawj Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb ntawm Lavxias Federation tau hais tias "Txhua xyoo cov neeg cog qoob loo hauv tsev tau nce ntau ntxiv," said Oksana Lut, Thawj Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb ntawm Lavxias Federation ntawm kev nthuav qhia thoob ntiaj teb Kev Lag Luam Tshiab: Zaub & Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo. - Xyoo no, peb kwv yees tias kev sau qoob loo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv cov liaj teb ntawm txhua pawg yuav muaj txog 16 lab tons (hauv xyoo 2021 - txog 15 lab tons). Cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no tuaj yeem ua rau nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag tus nqi pib ntawm Food Security Doctrine ntawm qib 90%. Lub tsev cog qoob loo cog qoob loo tam sim no qhia txog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws - nws xav tias xyoo no cov khoom tsim tawm hauv av kaw yuav hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv thiab ncav cuag 1.6 lab tons. Kev loj hlob ntawm kev sau qoob loo ua rau txo qis ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntshuam, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev xa tawm thiab ua kom muaj tus nqi ruaj khov. Xyoo no muaj qhov txo qis ntawm cov nqi muag rau ntau yam khoom noj zaub: qos yaj ywm, zaub qhwv, carrots, dos, rooj beets, cucumbers thiab txiv lws suav. Thiab Ministry of Agriculture ntawm Russia yuav txuas ntxiv txhawb kev lag luam, txhawb kev nqis peev thiab tsim cov xwm txheej tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tsev. "
Txhawm rau tswj hwm qhov siab tau txais, Ministry tseem txhawb nqa kev tsim khoom txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov haujlwm uas tsim nyog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia tau ua tiav. Rau lub hom phiaj no, lub xeev kev txhawb nqa platform loj tau tsim, cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov voj voog tsim khoom.
Ntau qhov kev ntsuas kev txhawb nqa hauv xeev yog tsom rau kev txhim kho cov zaub hauv tsev. Cov nyiaj qiv txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov nyiaj pab txhawb siab yog muab rau cov lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li xyoo 2022, cov txheej txheem rau kev them nyiaj ib feem ntawm cov nqi rau kev tsim kho vaj tsev cog khoom lag luam hauv thaj tsam ntawm Far East tau pib siv.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ruaj ntseg zaub mov ntawm Russia thiab lub ntiaj teb no tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub xeem Lavxias teb sab agro-industrial exhibition "Golden Autumn"-2022.
Lavxias Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Mikhail Mishustin tau sau tseg tias xyoo no Russia yuav ua tiav cov lus qhia ntawm Food Security Doctrine rau cereals, beets, qab zib thiab lwm yam qoob loo. "Nws twb paub meej tias peb yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau qoob loo," tus thawj coj ntawm tsoomfwv tau sau tseg. - Muaj kev ua tiav tseem ceeb hauv lwm cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb, suav nrog cov noob roj. Peb kuj pom kev vam meej hauv kev tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog kim thiab nyuaj rau kev loj hlob hauv peb cov huab cua. Tab sis peb cia siab tias yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv - ntau dua 1.5 lab tons ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab berries. Qhov kev pab cuam loj rau qhov no yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev txhawb nqa hauv xeev rau cov tsev cog qoob loo. "
Rau kev ruaj ntseg. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev hloov kho rau tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj "Ntawm Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Siv Tshuaj tua kab thiab Agrochemicals" hauv 2020, hais txog kev txhim kho lub xeev kev tswj hwm (kev saib xyuas), ib qho kev qhia ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txheej Txheem rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tshuaj tua kab thiab Agrochemicals (FGIS) yog qhia nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm 15, uas yog tsim los xyuas kom meej tias batches ntawm tshuaj tua kab thiab agrochemicals yog accounted rau thaum lawv raug coj mus rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab Federation, ntau lawm (tsim), cia, tsheb thauj mus los, daim ntawv thov, muag, neutralization. , pov tseg, kev puas tsuaj thiab faus neeg), thiab tseem rau kev tsom xam, ua cov ntaub ntawv muab rau hauv nws thiab saib xyuas lawv cov kev ntseeg tau.
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv FGIS yog tiv thaiv los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj. Cov ntaub ntawv yog official thiab suav hais tias yog lub xeev cov ntaub ntawv peev txheej. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm ntawm FGIS Saturn txog lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 2022, txhua lub lag luam, suav nrog tsev cog khoom siv tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj agrochemicals, yuav tsum tau sau npe nrog FGIS Saturn los ntawm Cerberus system. Rosselkhoznadzor ua haujlwm tswj thiab saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj agrochemicals. Cov lus qhia tau muab tso rau hauv cov vev xaib ntawm Rosselkhoznadzor thaj chaw tswj hwm ntawm cov chaw pabcuam tseem ceeb. Hauv qab no yog cov xov tooj ntawm lub taub hau txais tos ntawm thaj chaw tswj hwm. Tsev cog khoom lag luam, txhawm rau kom tau txais tus ID nkag mus thiab lo lus zais, hu rau lawv lub chaw tswj hwm hauv zos thaum muaj lus nug thaum sau npe. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm thaj av lossis kev saib xyuas phytosanitary kuj raug txheeb xyuas hauv txhua thaj chaw tswj hwm.
Cov khoom siv thiab kev siv yav tom ntej. Nyob rau lub Rau Hli kev ua liaj ua teb lub rooj sab laj "Greenhouse Industry of Russia"-2022 nyob rau hauv Moscow, ntau cov kev saib xyuas tau them rau lub xeev tam sim no ntawm kev lag luam tag nrho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom thiab technical puag. "Lavxias teb sab zaub loj hlob ntawm kaw hauv av: lub xeev ntawm kev lag luam, kev loj hlob zeem muag, lub xeev kev txhawb nqa nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no tej yam kev mob" - Arkady Muravyov, Vice-President ntawm lub koom haum "Greenhouses ntawm Russia", ua xws li ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub rooj sab laj. Nws tau hais hauv nws cov lus hais tias "Cov theem ntawm kev tsim kho vaj tsev cog khoom, uas tau pib xyoo 2014, tseem nyob hauv Russia hnub no," - Txij thaum ntawd los, ntau tshaj li 1.5 txhiab hectares tau tsim thiab zaub ntau lawm tau nce plaub npaug - txog li 1.6 lab tons. Niaj hnub no, cov tsev cog khoom loj loj npaj yuav muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm loj ntawm cov chaw tshiab tshiab los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2022. APH "Eco-kev coj noj coj ua" - ntau dua 200 hectares, GC "Growth" - ntau dua 70 hectares. Ntau qhov chaw loj nrog thaj tsam ntawm ntau dua 80 hectares yog nyob rau theem tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej tam sim no hauv kev lag luam kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, kev tsim kho ntawm Ryazan Roses khw khw nrog thaj tsam ntawm 6.4 hectares raug tshem tawm. Arkady Muravyov tau sau tseg qhov kev hloov pauv siab thiab cov lus qhia uas tau pib coj cov nyiaj tiag tiag rau cov tuam txhab tsev cog khoom niaj hnub no. Ntawm lawv yog qhov qhib kev lag luam horticultural loj, qhov twg paj thiab zaub tau cog thiab muag tam sim ntawd. Lub taub hau ntawm lub koom haum tseem nco qab qhov kev ua tiav zoo los ntawm cov tuam txhab Lavxias ntawm kev hloov pauv cov tswv yim rau kev tsim cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev lag luam tsev cog khoom. "Nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm lub zog mov, Lavxias teb sab manufacturers, piv txwv li, muaj peev xwm muab tau ntau yam kev daws teeb meem, xws li tsis siv neeg modular thermal fais fab nroj tsuag los yog kub-dej peb-txoj kev tshav kub-tube boilers," Arkady Muravyov yog tseeb.
Kev cia siab ntev. Niaj hnub no Russia nyob rau qib thib ob hauv ntiaj teb hais txog kev noj dib (1.7 lab tons) thiab thib yim ntawm cov txiv lws suav (3.5 lab tons). Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Chaw rau Agroanalytics Dmitry Aveltsov piav qhia tias qhov tsis sib xws niaj hnub no yog tias peb lub tebchaws tsuas yog nyob rau sab saum toj 20 thiab sab saum toj 30 hauv ntiaj teb hais txog kev noj cov zaub no rau ib tus neeg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tus kheej ntau lawm nyob rau hauv Russia tsis txaus. Xyoo tas los, Russia tau xa tawm 460.2 thiab 55.2 txhiab tons ntawm cucumbers. Txawm li cas los xij, kev rau txim rau Russia tau ua rau tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho / nthuav tawm qee qhov peev txheej thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txwv tsis pub xa cov noob, khoom siv thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb.
"Hnub no, tsoomfwv ntawm lub tebchaws thiab cov chaw haujlwm cuam tshuam tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau kev txhim kho kev sib koom ua lag luam hauv cov khoom ua liaj ua teb nrog cov tebchaws xws li Uzbekistan, Iran, Azerbaijan," Dmitry Aveltsov hais ntxiv. - Tus nqi xwm txheej hauv khw zaub tau raug tshuaj xyuas, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev pheej hmoo rau cov txheej txheem zaub hauv kev sib txuas nrog kev rau txim thiab tshem tawm cov tuam txhab ua lag luam loj los ntawm kev ua lag luam tau cais tawm.
Raws li peb cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv Russia niaj hnub no muaj 72 peev tej yaam num ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm zus tau tej cov zaub ntawm lub kaw av, qhov kev siv ntawm uas npog lub sij hawm 2021-2028. 62% ntawm cov phiaj xwm twb tau ua tiav, qhov seem yog npaj rau kev siv yav tom ntej. Tag nrho cov nyiaj txiag ntawm cov peev txheej rau xyoo 2022-2024 yuav yog 45,2 billion rubles, suav nrog 1,7 billion yuav raug faib rau kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov haujlwm uas twb muaj lawm. "
Hais txog kev kwv yees rau lub tsev cog khoom ntau lawm, Mikhail Semykin, tus thawj coj ntawm tsev cog khoom kev coj ua ntawm AGRISOVGAZ LLC, ua qhov kev kwv yees nthuav dav. Raws li nws, nws tus kheej-sufficiency nyob rau hauv zaub cov khoom yuav loj hlob mus rau 72% nyob rau hauv 2022. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav hloov tag nrho imports, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj ntau lub tsev cog khoom complexes, thiab qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau zus tau tej cov paj, txiv lws suav, strawberries thiab hops.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau cov lus nug tau raug tsa los ntawm cov kev hloov kho tshiab xws li kev tshem tawm cov nyiaj them rov qab rau ib feem ntawm cov nqi ncaj qha tshwm sim, qhov txo qis hauv marginality ntawm cov khoom thiab nce lub sij hawm them rov qab ntawm cov phiaj xwm, nce nqi rau cov khoom, cov khoom thiab logistics ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab los ntawm 50-100%, nrog rau kev nce nqi ntawm cov nyiaj ua haujlwm thiab kev nce hauv lub zog dependence ntawm cov lag luam, thiab lwm yam. Yuav kom daws tau cov teeb meem no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txo cov theem ntawm tus kheej kev koom tes hauv qhov project nyiaj txiag cov kev pab cuam mus rau 7-10% ntawm cov nqi project, yog li txo qhov pib nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam rau cov tub ua lag luam. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los nthuav cov kev pab cuam hauv lub xeev nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm floriculture, hops loj hlob, Berry loj hlob thiab reorient txhawb kev ntsuas rau domestic manufacturers ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom. Nws kuj tseem yuav zoo rau suav nrog cov khoom siv nrog thaj tsam ntawm 0.7 txog 3 hectares ntawm thaj chaw siv tau hauv qhov program.
Ib qhov chaw: https://vestnikapk.ru